Two important articles on this topic:
https://fascio.substack.com/p/judeo-bol ... a-response
https://fascio.substack.com/p/reaffirmi ... evism-part
According to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency:
But the facts also reaffirm in essence assertions like the ones made by Mark Weber, a promoter of Holocaust denial. In 2003, he wrote, “Although officially Jews have never made up more than five percent of the country’s total population, they played a highly disproportionate and probably decisive role in the infant Bolshevik regime,” adding this was a “taboo” that many historians for decades preferred to ignore.
https://www.jta.org/2017/11/06/global/w ... ll-picture
The article clarifies misconceptions on the other side as well. This isn't an article trying to promote the "Judeo-Bolshevism" narrative to say the least.
From
On the Eve: The Jews of Europe Before the Second World War by Bernard Wasserstein
According to Sheila Fitzpatrick, who has examined the log of official visitors to Stalin’s office in the 1930s, between 75 and 90 percent of these callers had Jewish names.
This indicates that regardless of how many Jews occupied "official positions", they clearly had significant influence regardless.
It should also be noted that when looking at statistics of Soviet Jews in the government, it's really just a matter of what they put down their nationality as. So if a Jew puts down "Russian" they will be counted as Russian and not Jewish. So the exact numbers are going to be hard to nail down. How many of them changed their names to hide their Jewish background is also unknown.
Primary sources on Judeo-Bolshevism:
https://archive.org/details/karl-radl-p ... revolution
There is of course more to be said on this, but that's what I got for now.