The CODOH Revisionist Forum

The question of whether carbon monoxide can be used in delousing is something which is generally responded to with a hard "no"; but this was not so simple or consistent a viewpoint circa early-1940s Germany. Here's what I've gathered, AI-assisted for proper organization (all major citations initially discovered and/or verified by me):

Carbon Monoxide (CO) for Delousing/Disinfestation: A Documented Historical Use

Overview

This research compiles primary and secondary sources documenting the historical use of carbon monoxide (CO) for delousing and disinfestation purposes, with particular focus on German-occupied Warsaw in 1940. It also includes the contemporaneous scientific evidence regarding CO's efficacy against insects (lice), and the broader German fumigation context in which CO was employed.


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1. The Warsaw Hygiene Institute's Approval of CO for Delousing (September 1940)

The principal source documenting the use of CO for delousing/disinfestation in Warsaw is historian Paul Weindling's Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890–1945 (Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 277:

"By September 1940 Warsaw had twenty new delousing stations with a capacity of 7,000 persons per day. The Hygiene Institute (once the centre of Rajchman's internationalist activities but now under German direction) approved the use of various chemicals and gases, including carbon monoxide and sulphur compounds after rooms were sealed. While Wohlrab regarded other gases as suitable for disinfecting dwellings, he recommended hydrocyanic acid gases as most effective when used in special gas chambers with good heating and ventilation facilities — this typified German support for Zyklon delousing. For its part, DEGESCH was delighted at the profits in supplying Zyklon for large-scale gassings in occupied territories."

Weindling's footnotes for this passage:

[43] Hagen, 'Krieg', 117.

[44] Bayer Archiv, IG Fremdfirmen DEGUSSA 6.14 Bd 1, Geschäftsbericht der DEGESCH für das Jahr 1939 (dated 16 Apr. 1940); ibid., 1940 (dated 29 May 1941).

Source identification:

• Footnote 43 refers to: W. Hagen, "Krieg, Hunger und Pestilenz in Warschau 1939–1943," Gesundheitswesen und Desinfektion 65/8 (1973): 115–127; 65/9 (1973): 129–143. Wilhelm Hagen (1893–1982) served as Amtsarzt (public health officer) in German-occupied Warsaw from January 1941. This source documents the 20 delousing stations and their capacity.

• Footnote 44 refers to DEGESCH (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Schädlingsbekämpfung mbH) annual business reports for 1939 and 1940, held in the Bayer Archiv (IG Fremdfirmen DEGUSSA collection). These are the sources for the statement that the Hygiene Institute approved CO and sulphur compounds for sealed-room disinfestation. DEGESCH, as the manufacturer and distributor of Zyklon B, tracked competing fumigation methods for commercial reasons.

Book reference: Paul Weindling, Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890–1945 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 277.
URL: https://global.oup.com/academic/product ... 0198206910


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2. Rudolf Wohlrab: Typhus Control Methods in the General Government

Weindling identifies Rudolf Wohlrab as "head of the typhus department of the Warsaw Hygiene Institute" (p. 277). Weindling further describes Wohlrab's multi-pronged approach to typhus control (same page):

"Rudolf Wohlrab, head of the typhus department of the Warsaw Hygiene Institute, supported in May 1940 an elaborate system of medical screening, hygiene squads, registration, isolation, and disinfection of the sick and of their housing. He prescribed warm showers with cuprex and cevadilla seed preparations, petroleum soaps, and prepared chalk for the disinfection of human bodies."

Weindling's footnote:

[42] R. Wohlrab, 'Flecktyphusbekämpfung im Generalgouvernement. Vortrag gehalten vor der Academia Real, Madrid und der Universität Valladolid', MMW 89/22 (29 May 1942), 483–8.

Full citation: Rudolf Wohlrab, "Flecktyphusbekämpfung im Generalgouvernement. Vortrag gehalten vor der Academia Real, Madrid und der Universität Valladolid," Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 89, no. 22 (29 May 1942): 483–488.

The structure of Weindling's passage indicates that Wohlrab drew a distinction between:

• Dwelling/room disinfection — using CO, sulphur compounds, and "other gases" in sealed rooms (i.e., fumigating apartments/houses where typhus patients lived)
• Dedicated delousing gas chambers — using HCN/Zyklon B with proper heating and ventilation for clothing delousing

Both fell under the broad umbrella of "delousing" or "disinfestation" in the anti-typhus campaign.


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3. The Nocht-Giemsa Method: CO as an Established German Fumigation Technology

CO was a well-established fumigation agent in German hygiene practice prior to WWII, through the Nocht-Giemsa method, developed before WWI by Professors Bernhard Nocht and Gustav Giemsa. The Holocaust Encyclopedia describes this method:

"Already before World War One, the German medical professors Bernhard Nocht and Gustav Giemsa developed a fumigation method using carbon monoxide produced by a producer-gas generator. This device burned wood, coal or coke with limited amounts of oxygen, thus producing a gas that contained high amounts of carbon monoxide (CO). Since insects are not sensitive to carbon monoxide, this method is only suitable to kill warm-blooded pests, such as mice and rats. Before, during and after World War One, it was a very common method to combat mice and rats in freight ships."

The same source also notes that CO was listed among DEGESCH's approved fumigation methods:

"Among the various methods used were hot steam, hot air, T-Gas, Areginal, Tritox, carbon monoxide produced by producer-gas generators, and Zyklon B."

Source: Holocaust Encyclopedia, "Fumigation Gas Chamber," https://holocaustencyclopedia.com/technology/fumigation-gas-chamber/

See also: Holocaust Encyclopedia, "Producer Gas," https://holocaustencyclopedia.com/technology/producer-gas/


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4. CO Used for Building Disinfection at Auschwitz

A parallel use of CO for disinfestation purposes is documented at Auschwitz. The German newspaper taz describes how CO was initially used for building disinfection before Zyklon B became the preferred agent:

"Zunächst zur Desinfektion der Gebäude, zur ‚Vergasung' der Opfer diente Kohlenmonoxyd. Der ‚Tötungsvorgang' dauere auf diese Weise jedoch ‚zu lange' und sei ‚zu unsicher', befand Auschwitz-Kommandant Rudolf Höß."

Translation: "Initially, for the disinfection of buildings, as well as for the 'gassing' of victims, carbon monoxide was used. The 'killing process' took 'too long' this way and was 'too unreliable,' found Auschwitz commander Rudolf Höss."

This indicates that CO was used at Auschwitz for building disinfection (i.e., fumigating buildings as part of anti-typhus efforts) — a direct parallel to the Warsaw use described by Weindling.

Source: "Zyklon B – Geschichte eines Giftgases," taz, https://taz.de/Zyklon-B--Geschichte-eines-Giftgases/!1467613/


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5. Scientific Evidence: CO Is Not Toxic to Lice (1920)

A study conducted at American University by the U.S. Bureau of Entomology (U.S. Department of Agriculture) in cooperation with the Chemical Warfare Service tested CO against a variety of insects, including body lice (Pediculus corporis). The study found:

"Carbon monoxid also proved to be nontoxic to insects at a concentration of 3 per cent and an exposure for two hours. The same varieties of insects were used as in the preceding tests."

And in the summary:

"Carbon monoxid in concentrations up to 3 per cent and for exposures of two hours is not toxic to insects."

The list of insects tested explicitly included "Lice, Body (Pediculus corporis Deg.)."

The reason CO is ineffective against insects is physiological: insects respire through a tracheal system rather than hemoglobin-based oxygen transport, so CO — which kills by binding to hemoglobin — has little effect on them. This finding was published in 1920 and was available in the international scientific literature prior to the events in Warsaw.

However, there is no evidence that this finding was known to or considered by the medical officials making decisions about typhus control in Warsaw in 1940. The Neifert et al. study was a U.S. Bureau of Entomology publication, not part of the German medical or hygiene literature per se. Wohlrab was a medical doctor and typhus specialist, not an entomologist or fumigation engineer. The specific entomological finding that insects are insensitive to CO may not have been part of the general knowledge base of medical practitioners making delousing decisions. The intuitive assumption — that a gas known to be lethal to humans and animals would also be lethal to lice — could have been a natural one, even though it is incorrect.

Full citation: Ira Edward Neifert et al., Experiments on the Toxic Action of Certain Gases on Insects, Seeds, and Fungi (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, 1920).
URL: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.108416


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6. Summary of Sources

Code: Select all

| # | Source                                                                                                                          | What it documents                                                                                                                                                      | URL                                                                                                      |
| - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 | Paul Weindling, Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890–1945 (Oxford UP, 2000), p. 277, fns. 42–44                       | Warsaw Hygiene Institute approved CO for delousing/disinfestation in sealed rooms, September 1940; sourced to Hagen (1973) and DEGESCH business reports (Bayer Archiv) | https://global.oup.com/academic/product/epidemics-and-genocide-in-eastern-europe-1890-1945-9780198206910 |
| 2 | Rudolf Wohlrab, MMW 89/22 (29 May 1942): 483–488                                                                                | Typhus control methods in the General Government, including dwelling disinfection with gases and clothing delousing with HCN/Zyklon in dedicated gas chambers          | (Print journal; no online URL located)                                                                   |
| 3 | W. Hagen, Gesundheitswesen und Desinfektion 65/8–9 (1973): 115–143                                                              | Retrospective account of the Warsaw delousing stations (20 stations, 7,000 persons/day capacity)                                                                       | (Print journal; no online URL located)                                                                   |
| 4 | Bayer Archiv, IG Fremdfirmen DEGUSSA 6.14 Bd 1, DEGESCH Geschäftsbericht for 1939 (16 Apr. 1940) and 1940 (29 May 1941)         | DEGESCH business records documenting competing fumigation methods approved by the Warsaw Hygiene Institute, including CO                                               | (Archival; not publicly online)                                                                          |
| 5 | Holocaust Encyclopedia, "Fumigation Gas Chamber"                                                                                | Nocht-Giemsa CO fumigation method; CO listed among DEGESCH methods; statement that insects are not sensitive to CO                                                     | https://holocaustencyclopedia.com/technology/fumigation-gas-chamber/                                     |
| 6 | Holocaust Encyclopedia, "Producer Gas"                                                                                          | History of producer-gas generators and CO technology in Germany                                                                                                        | https://holocaustencyclopedia.com/technology/producer-gas/                                               |
| 7 | "Zyklon B – Geschichte eines Giftgases," taz                                                                                    | CO initially used for building disinfection at Auschwitz before Zyklon B became preferred                                                                              | https://taz.de/Zyklon-B--Geschichte-eines-Giftgases/!1467613/                                            |
| 8 | Neifert et al., Experiments on the Toxic Action of Certain Gases on Insects, Seeds, and Fungi (USDA Bureau of Entomology, 1920) | Scientific demonstration that CO is not toxic to insects, including body lice (Pediculus corporis), at 3% concentration for 2 hours                                    | https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.108416                                                                 |

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7. Key Points

1. CO was approved for delousing/disinfestation in Warsaw in September 1940, as documented by Weindling (p. 277), sourced to DEGESCH business reports in the Bayer Archive and to Hagen's 1973 retrospective article.
2. CO was a known fumigation technology in German hygiene practice through the Nocht-Giemsa method (pre-WWI onward), primarily used against rodents.
3. CO was used for building disinfection at Auschwitz before Zyklon B became the preferred agent, per the taz article citing Rudolf Höss.
4. CO was scientifically established as ineffective against lice by 1920 (Neifert et al., USDA Bureau of Entomology). However, there is no evidence that this finding was known to or considered by the medical officials responsible for the Warsaw delousing program. Wohlrab was a medical doctor and typhus specialist, not an entomologist or fumigation engineer. The more likely explanation is that CO was approved based on its general reputation as a lethal fumigant, under the intuitive but incorrect assumption that a gas deadly to humans and animals would also be effective against lice.
5. Wohlrab distinguished between CO/"other gases" for dwelling disinfection and HCN/Zyklon for dedicated gas chamber delousing, suggesting CO was used for sealed-room fumigation of dwellings rather than for clothing delousing in purpose-built chambers.

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This information is relevant in questions surrounding 'gas vans' and documents such as the "Wetzel Lohse document", discussed here:

The Wetzel Lohse document [NO-365]
https://www.codohforum.com/viewtopic.php?t=878

I'm going to reiterate the Hard-No here about fumigating with Carbon Monoxide.

With the exception of fumigating for rodents, including jackrabbits, no fumigator would ever use CO because insects are not very sensitive to it. All fumigators knew this, and all fumigators understood their trade, and in the mid-20th century Germany, they were concerned primarily with insect pests.

If Paul Weindling thinks otherwise, he is confabulating HCN and CO to support the boilerplate Holocaust lore.

Prior to the availability of common insecticides like DDT near the end of WW2, insect pests like bedbugs, and insect disease vectors like lice and ticks, were very difficult to eradicate.

Yes, there were all kinds of powerful poisons available like Hydrogen Cyanide and Sulfur Dioxide, but these were difficult to handle compared to a dusting down the collar of talcum power infused with DDT. Simple and effective pesticides combined with modern postwar antibiotics is why wartime diseases like typhus became a thing of the past.

The commercial Zyklon-B product available after the 1920s made handling HCN much safer compared to before, and much easier than disinfection with heavy steam autoclaves, but the adoption of DDT in the later phase of the war fundamentally changed the game.

Carbon Monoxide poison is rarely effective on insects, with some minor exceptions where Carbon Dioxide has been used to fumigate grain silos.

There have been some academic papers written that experiment with adding some CO to the standard CO2 fumigations of Canadian grain silos to attempt to speed the fumigation process along, but this has been disappointing.

EXAMPLE:
Wang; Jayas; White; Fields,
"Combined effect of carbon monoxide mixed with carbon dioxide
in air on the mortality of stored-grain insects."
Journal of Stored Products Research
45 (2009).

Some grain beetles might have a little more sensitivity to CO than most other insects do, but even so, insect respiration is quite different than mammals, and the CO which binds to the hemoglobin in red blood cells in warm-blooded animals is a very different mechanism.

All fumigators have at least a general knowledge of their quarry, and the Zyklon-B fumigation manuals are no exceptions to this, devoting many pages to different types of pests and their individual natures.

Unless we are talking about specific rodents on agricultural estates, CO is not going to be used for fumigation.

Again, any professional fumigator who understands their craft will know this as part of their job ─ and for the same reasons that those who fumigated with the commercial Zyklon-B product never needed to worry about the potential explosivity of HCN because the HCN concentration for fumigation will literally never rise up to explosive concentration levels ─ and it directly states exactly this in the Zyklon-B fumigation manuals in German and in English. (Zyklon-B was made under license by American Cyanamid and commonly used in the United States during the prewar time period in question.)

Professor Robert Faurisson and Fred Leuchter, who wrote the Leuchter Report (1988) would have known this as well if they had bothered to actually read the American and German Zyklon-B fumigation manuals.

https://armreg.co.uk/product/the-leuchter-reports-critical-edition/


So, I don't think that you are going to find any examples of CO used for fumigation of buildings ─ simply because CO does not work well against insect respiration, and there are not many examples of pure rodent fumigation to bother with it.

I did find an example (illustration below) from 1947 in an Australian agricultural publication in the form of an advertisement of a CO gas generator that was used for the extermination of rabbits (an agricultural pest).

Here is a photograph of a "Rabbit Drive" from Mud Lake, Idaho in the Winter of 1981-82:




In years where for some reason the jackrabbit population explodes, they will completely wipe out an entire alfalfa crop and are therefore rounded up and clubbed to death during the Winter.

I participated in some of these rabbit drives or Bunny Bashes at the time (but did not take this picture).

I recall that some Idaho farmers actually tried to use more humane methods like gassing the rodents with diesel or gasoline exhaust but found this completely unworkable.

Post Register
April 13, 2013.

MUD LAKE — Viewed in sequence, the photos flicker like visions from a weird, feverish dream.

Jack rabbits scamper. Cudgels swing. Carcasses are stacked like bloody firewood.

The surreal scene was very real here more than three decades ago. It made headlines across the state and the nation, including in The New York Times and a widely circulated Dec. 17, 1981, Associated Press article:

"About 800 men, women and children, armed with ax handles, baseball bats, tire tools and golf clubs, stretched across a mile of the desolate prairie near Mud Lake and rounded up jackrabbits which they claim have done an estimated $5 million in crop damage […]

In the United States in 1981-82, the Idaho farmers and biologists in question were unfamiliar with producer gas technology, which worked well in Australia decades earlier. Today the farmers probably just use more pesticides than normal for certain rodent plague years.

The Australian CO gas producers used for rabbit-culling burned wood chips or charcoal, and there was one version which had an electric blower to blow the deadly Carbon Monoxide gas into the rabbit warrens (their tunnels and dens) where it penetrates easily to do the poisonous work (although the gas is actually lighter-than-air).

The ad below incorrectly states that the CO gas is heavier-than-air (but it nevertheless does penetrate easily). There is also a smaller version of the advertised CO gas generator that is mounted on a hand cart, and its blower fan can be manually cranked.





I don't know if CO gas producers were ever used to cull other agricultural pests like kangaroos in Australia.

There is a famous 1971 cult movie called Wake In Fright with Donald Pleasence that features scenes of a kangaroo cull (using guns instead of clubs) that is hard to find with the cull scenes intact. The cult movie also has some weird homosexual subtext which is another reason for why the uncut original film is often hard to find.

Unlike with the Ozzy 'roo culls, with the rabbit culls in Idaho you could not use firearms because it was just too dangerous. What had to be done instead in that case is to gather crowds of people to herd the darting rodents into fenced enclosures, where when cornered, they were then just clubbed to death.

I participated in one and it was not taken lightly. The clubbed rabbits shriek with a high-pitched squeal that sounds like a baby murdered by a deranged Feminist with post-partum depression. It was quite disturbing and I only actually participated in one Bunny Bash.

If I were to do it again and didn't have a CO gas generator, then I would bring a piece of iron pipe instead of a wooden club so that it would kill the poor rodent each with only one sharp blow to the head.

The Bunny Bashes were quite a scandal that garnered a lot of attention, and lots of people at the time were concerned about killing the animal pests humanely.

But these agricultural Sonderkommando simply did not have anybody with the enterprising nature of Commandant Rudolf Hoess, who could devise a more humane alternative by using poison gas from commercial fumigants kicking around.

Post Register
[ibid]

As far as jackrabbit killing methods go, clubbing was beautifully simplistic.

Before long, the Idaho Humane Society, the Fund for Animals and other animal rights groups tried to stop the drives. Their spokesmen said they understood farmers had to kill the rabbits, but they wanted it done in a more humane fashion, and they didn't want children participating in the drives.

The Idaho Humane Society suggested shooting the rabbits. [Mud Lake Rabbit Committe chairman Orvin] Twitchell responded that shooting rabbits with hundreds of people around was a bad idea.

A plethora of alternatives emerged, including killing the rabbits with strychnine, carbon monoxide gas and electricity, relocating the rabbits, and using devices that kill rabbits instantly by driving a metal bolt into their brains.

All were too complicated, too expensive and too slow to address the problem, Twitchell said.

That left clubbing. [...]

Yikes. I was there, as I said.

In Australia, the post-WWII farmers at least had Carbon Monoxide gas generators to kill the mammalian pests in their warrens much more humanely.

When vegetarians eschew eating meat because it does not involve killing animals, that always makes me laugh. Obviously they don't know anything about farming or even plowing a field to plant crops. As Mr. Spock, a plant-eating Vulcan, once said, "even vegetarians feed upon death."

Anyway, it should go without saying that CO gas generator technology for supplying motor fuel was common everywhere in mid-20th century except in the United States, which experienced fuel rationing but no real gasoline shortages during the war.

Even the Swedish vacuum cleaner company Electrolux produced CO gas producers to supply combustible fuel for motor vehicles, as can be seen from the postwar Australian advertisement below.





Finally, to the point that CO was used for building fumigation at Auschwitz. No, just NO!

The quote of boilerplate Holocaust lore from taz, the Leftist German publication Die Tageszeitung, does NOT say that either.

Right now, many of the taz articles are whining about the recent electoral victories of the Rightwing AfD Party in Germany, so they are calling for its ban.

But this part of the familiar Rudolf Hoess story is mistranslated. It says that Zyklon-B was used for building fumigations at Auschwitz where CO was previously used for executions.

It does NOT say that CO was used for building fumigations ─ just that Commandant Höß decided to try HCN that the used for fumigating clothing and buildings for executions, where CO was previously used before without the best success (since the CO was supposedly generated from engine exhaust, traditionally diesel engine exhaust).

Notably Rudolf Hoess is silent about this innovative homicidal gassing epiphany when writing his memoirs immediately before being hanged in Poland after the war.

No Holocaust storyteller ever thought about using CO gas generators to gas Jews; they just recycle atrocity tales about diesel engine exhaust or maybe steam gassings. (Obviously, steam autoclaves were used for camp disinfections, and no doubt diesel engines as well in order to generate electricity and to pump water.)

We know that the diesel gassing story is nonsense since diesel engine exhaust contains very little CO, but the standard Holocaust story is that HCN (from Zyklon-B commercial fumigant) worked much better for killing Jews than CO (from engine exhaust).

The taz article regurgitates the Hoax liturgy.

Again, the article does NOT say that CO gas (i.e., either from diesel or gasoline engines, per the orthodox narrative, nor from CO gas producers) was used for building fumigations. It says that Zyklon-B fumigant was used for building fumigations.

And then the Commandant and his "Corporals with Chisels," as I call them, proceeded to use Zyklon-B commercial fumigant for executions instead of Carbon Monoxide gas.

The article does not clarify how the CO was generated. But the orthodox narrative never mentions CO producers in any case, just engine exhaust ─ which is a good clue that it is a fictional story since gas generators and not engine exhaust is almost certainly how the CO gas would be produced.

Below is the text from taz in its original German, and followed by the correct English translation. The mistake is clearly the fault of AI, which mixed up Carbon Monoxide and Zyklon-B.

https://taz.de/Zyklon-B--Geschichte-eines-Giftgases/!1467613/

I invite any native German speakers to check this translation:

ORIGINAL
Als während des Krieges der Ausbau der Konzentrationslager industrielle Ausmaße annahm, verwendete auch die SS in steigendem Maße Zyklon B. Zunächst zur Desinfektion der Gebäude, zur „Vergasung“ der Opfer diente Kohlenmonoxyd. Der „Tötungsvorgang“ dauere auf diese Weise jedoch „zu lange“ und sei „zu unsicher“, befand Auschwitz-Kom-mandant Rudolf Höß. Im September 1941 wurde daraufhin ein erstes „Experiment“ mit Zyklon B durchgeführt, das, wie Höß befriedigt an die SS-Führung meldete, „unbedingt sicher und schnell den Tod verursacht“.

TRANSLATION
As the expansion of concentration camps assumed industrial proportions during the war, the SS also increasingly used Zyklon B. Initially, it was used for disinfecting buildings, while carbon monoxide was employed to "gas" victims. However, Auschwitz commandant Rudolf Höß concluded that the "killing process" took "too long" and was "too unreliable" using that method. Consequently, in September 1941, an initial "experiment" with Zyklon B was conducted; as Höß reported with satisfaction to the SS leadership, it caused death "reliably and quickly."

Fascinating subject, thanks for this.

Callafangers wrote: ↑Sun Sep 06, 2026 2:39 am The question of whether carbon monoxide can be used in delousing is something which is generally responded to with a hard "no"; but this was not so simple or consistent a viewpoint circa early-1940s Germany…

…[snip]…

The reason CO is ineffective against insects is physiological: insects respire through a tracheal system rather than hemoglobin-based oxygen transport, so CO — which kills by binding to haemoglobin — has little effect on them…

…[snip]…

…The intuitive assumption — that a gas known to be lethal to humans and animals would also be lethal to lice — could have been a natural one, even though it is incorrect.
________________________________________

Scott wrote: ↑Wed Sep 09, 2026 1:31 am I'm going to reiterate the Hard-No here about fumigating with Carbon Monoxide.

With the exception of fumigating for rodents, including jackrabbits, no fumigator would ever use CO because insects are not very sensitive to it.
All fumigators knew this, and all fumigators understood their trade, and in the mid-20th century Germany, they were concerned primarily with insect pests.

If Paul Weindling thinks otherwise, he is confabulating HCN and CO to support the boilerplate Holocaust lore.

…Some grain beetles might have a little more sensitivity to CO than most other insects do, but even so, insect respiration is quite different than mammals, and the CO which binds to the hemoglobin in red blood cells in warm-blooded animals is a very different mechanism.

All fumigators have at least a general knowledge of their quarry, and the Zyklon-B fumigation manuals are no exceptions to this, devoting many pages to different types of pests and their individual natures.

Unless we are talking about specific rodents on agricultural estates, CO is not going to be used for fumigation.

…So, I don't think that you are going to find any examples of CO used for fumigation of buildings ─ simply because CO does not work well against insect respiration, and there are not many examples of pure rodent fumigation to bother with it.

…[snip]…

…What had to be done instead in that case is to gather crowds of people to herd the darting rodents into fenced enclosures, where when cornered, they were then just clubbed to death.

I participated in one and it was not taken lightly. The clubbed rabbits shriek with a high-pitched squeal that sounds like a baby murdered by a deranged Feminist with post-partum depression. It was quite disturbing and I only actually participated in one Bunny Bash…

When vegetarians eschew eating meat because it does not involve killing animals, that always makes me laugh.
Obviously they don't know anything about farming or even plowing a field to plant crops. As [fictional] Mr. Spock, a plant-eating Vulcan, once said, "even vegetarians feed upon death".

Finally, to the point that CO was used for building fumigation at Auschwitz. No, just NO!

The quote of boilerplate Holocaust lore from taz, the Leftist German publication Die Tageszeitung, does NOT say that either.

Right now, many of the taz articles are whining about the recent electoral victories of the Rightwing AfD Party in Germany, so they are calling for its ban.

…[snip]…

Notably Rudolf Höß is silent about this innovative homicidal gassing epiphany when writing his memoirs immediately before being hanged in Poland after the war.

No Holocaust storyteller ever thought about using CO gas generators to gas Jews; they just recycle atrocity tales about diesel engine exhaust or maybe steam gassings. (Obviously, steam autoclaves were used for camp disinfections, and no doubt diesel engines as well in order to generate electricity and to pump water.)

…[snip]…

…the orthodox narrative never mentions CO producers in any case, just engine exhaust ─ which is a good clue that it is a fictional story since gas generators and not engine exhaust is almost certainly how the CO gas would be produced.

Fascinating topic.
Thanks to both authors for the wealth of factual information.

Please forgive me for two pedantic and off-topic corrections to Scott’s contribution:

1. The whole continent of India was vegetarian for centuries.
There is evidence of Native American and African tribes who were vegetarians.
All these people “obviously” knew about farming and ploughing fields to plant crops.

2. The AfD (Alternative for Germany ) and the AfS (Alternativ för Sverige) are not “right-wing” political parties.
Just as the NSDAP were not.
The whole ‘left/right’ categorisation of political ideology has always been an inaccurate framing, used to ‘scare’ folk and keep people divided. Such inaccurate misinformation is now becoming obsolete.
____________________________________________________

P.S. Regarding inaccurate, ignorant and often deliberate promulgation of misinformation regarding CO poisoning, here is a little known example.
Diana Spencer famously died in a car crash. The official narrative claimed it was due to her driver Henri Paul being inebriated. This was supported with a blood test.
What is not widely known is that the blood test not only showed high levels of alcohol but also inexplicable levels of CO.
E.g.
1. https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/dia ... 76738.html
2. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/106569.stm
3. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7220051.stm

No-one could have walked out of the Ritz hotel and then driven with either that level of alcohol or Carbon monoxide in their blood. “The levels of carbon monoxide found in Henri Paul's supposed blood sample was in excess of 2,000 PPM (parts per million) or 0.20%. With such blood levels Henri Paul would have experienced an excruciating blinding headache, dizziness, nausea and would have been dead within 1.5 hours…”
The natural conclusion is that the blood samples were switched by sayanim working in the hospital. Presumably with the corpse in the hospital of the person who had got drunk then committed suicide in his car with exhaust fumes that same night in Paris.

The Leftist taz publication that I cited is using the term "Rightwing" regarding the AfD Party. They are also using terms like the "extreme-Right" and calling for "embracing each other against Fascism."

A Tageszeitung article dated just yesterday regarding the AfD electoral win also says:

"Seit der Wahl in Sachsen-Anhalt haben mindestens 35.000 Menschen gegen die rechtsextreme AfD demonstriert."

"Since the election in Saxony-Anhalt, at least 35,000 people have demonstrated against the far-right AfD."

I don't know anything about the AfD or modern German politics, but clearly the Left has no problem calling them Rightwing, Rechstextreme, and Fascist.

I also think that the traditional Left-Right definition works pretty well. In general, the Left believes in Anarchy or sometimes Anarcho-Tyranny, and the Right in Authority and Order.

As far as Hindus or Indians on the Subcontinent, I don't know what their motivation for not eating meat is other than primarily religious. They not only don't kill sacred cows but they don't even like killing bugs or pests either.

My Grandmother lived at Redondo Beach, California for a time during the 1920s because her Dad got some work at a pickle cannery, and their school there got infested with head lice.

It seems that some Indian immigrants, which she called "Hindoos," had been admitted to the school, and she remembers that they literally would not kill pests of any kind.

I don't know what she said was done about the specific lice problem, but she and many of her classmates had to get a severe haircut and take a shower in gasoline to get rid of the blood-sucking insect pests. My guess is that the Public Health Department actually intervened somehow.

As far as Native Americans, I would say that the idea of them being agricultural is a bit generous.

They were hunter-gatherers mainly, and likewise their evolutionary genetics is geared for either feast or famine. That is one reason why they are lactose intolerant. Neolithic agriculture, or at least the kind practiced by Europeans for millennia, is a more recent side hustle that many of them learned from the Spanish and later the English.

In any case, the archaeological evidence shows that Native Americans were cannibals ─ at least in times of war and famine. That is not a politically-correct view, but the evidence is what it is. Human bones in grave sites (or trash pits) were typically picked clean.

My comment about what the vegetarian Mr. Spock once said in the famous fictional TV series from the 1960s is just to point out that even organized agriculture involves life or death choices regarding animals. Even to clear trees and to plow a field for planting a crop, rarely are you not destroying habitat for some creatures and outright killing some, like pests, rodents, etc.

It does not bother me if some people don't want to eat meat (or pork) as long as they don't morally pontificate about it and try to legislate against it somehow.

Btw, Native Americans are accultured to eating cottontail rabbits, which are excellent. But that would be non-Kosher or non-Halal for Jews and Muslims. Cottontails are also very different than jackrabbits, the latter of which are only good for dog food. The farmers in Idaho culling the jacks tried to at least process some of it for dog food, but that was a somewhat expensive endeavor.

Traditionally, American Indians also ate dogs, as this was one of the few domesticated animals in the pre-Columbian New World. My Grandmother's brother served an LDS mission in Montana amongst the Sioux in the 1940s, and he used to tell a story about the Chief putting on a great feast for the missionaries that involved sharing a big pot of stew. "Dig 'em deep and get 'em puppy," he said. They noticed that one of the camp dogs was missing and politely declined.